Littoral Warfare is a modern military concept that refers to combat operations conducted in coastal zones, where land and sea intersect. Unlike blue-water (open-ocean) warfare, littoral warfare focuses on shallow waters, coastal lines, ports, straits, and river deltas. As global population centers and commercial routes increasingly concentrate along coastlines, littoral warfare has become a core element of contemporary military doctrines. For naval forces, these areas represent environments with high strategic value and elevated operational risk, requiring precise planning and rapid response.

From a technical perspective, littoral warfare involves multi-domain operations that integrate naval, air, and land forces simultaneously. This operational environment includes fast attack craft, submarines, unmanned surface and underwater vehicles, radar and sensor systems, amphibious units, and close air support working in coordination. The complex and confined nature of coastal zones increases the effectiveness of asymmetric threats while shortening reaction times. For this reason, modern armed forces invest heavily in platforms designed for littoral warfare that offer high maneuverability, advanced situational awareness, and real-time decision-making capability. In today’s military planning, littoral warfare plays a decisive role not only in achieving sea control but also in protecting energy corridors, securing maritime trade, and ensuring regional deterrence.