Satellite coverage area analysis is a critical evaluation process that determines where, at what level, and with what continuity satellites provide service across the Earth. Used in many fields ranging from defense to civilian communications, from aviation and maritime transportation to emergency management, this analysis plays a decisive role in ensuring uninterrupted connectivity, high signal quality, and operational reliability. Especially in regions where terrestrial infrastructure is insufficient, satellite coverage planning enables communication gaps to be identified in advance and strategic solutions to be developed. In this respect, coverage analysis is not merely a technical calculation but also a strategic decision-support tool.

From a technical perspective, satellite coverage area analysis relies on multiple parameters such as orbit type, satellite altitude, antenna beam angle, frequency band, ground station locations, and atmospheric effects. Satellites operating in low, medium, and geostationary orbits each have distinct coverage characteristics, and these differences directly affect analysis outcomes. For instance, low-altitude satellites cover smaller areas but deliver stronger signals, while high-altitude satellites provide wider coverage at the cost of challenges such as signal latency. Today, thanks to advanced simulation software and real-time data models, satellite coverage analyses can be performed with high accuracy, allowing system performance to be predicted even before deployment. This enables cost optimization, higher efficiency, and long-term sustainability in satellite-based communication projects.