Kaplan 20 YN-ZMA is engineered as a next-generation tracked armored combat vehicle optimized for high-intensity and hybrid operational environments. Its primary operational role is to support mechanized infantry units, accompany main battle tanks, and provide direct firepower, mobility, and protection in contested areas. The vehicle reflects FNSS’s design philosophy of balancing firepower, protection, mobility, and growth potential within a compact, low-silhouette platform.

From a doctrinal perspective, Kaplan 20 is intended for frontline mechanized operations, rapid maneuver warfare, and combined-arms concepts. It is capable of operating in urban combat, cross-country terrain, amphibious assault scenarios, and high-threat environments where mines, IEDs, anti-tank weapons, and indirect fire threats are prevalent.

The platform architecture is fully modular, enabling integration of manned or unmanned turrets, different caliber weapon systems, active protection systems, and mission-specific equipment. Its digital backbone supports modern command-and-control, battlefield management systems, and sensor fusion, allowing seamless integration into network-centric warfare environments.

Survivability is a core design priority. The vehicle employs modular composite armor, mine-protected seating, optional active protection systems, and comprehensive CBRN and fire suppression solutions. Combined with high power-to-weight ratio and advanced suspension, Kaplan 20 maintains tactical agility while offering robust crew protection.

One of the distinguishing features of Kaplan 20 YN-ZMA is its amphibious capability. Without prior preparation, the vehicle can enter water and conduct controlled maneuvers using dedicated water propulsion systems, making it suitable for river-crossing operations and littoral maneuver elements.

Detailed Technical Information

Dimensions and Weight

• Length: approx. 6.5 m
• Width: approx. 3.15 m (excluding active protection systems)
• Height: approx. 2.0 m (roof level, excluding turret)
• Combat Weight: publicly disclosed range not finalized; varies by configuration

Powerpack and Mobility

Engine: Turbocharged diesel engine

Power-to-Weight Ratio: approx. 25 hp/ton

• Transmission: Fully automatic
• Suspension: Torsion bar suspension with advanced damping
• Steering: Transmission-integrated steering system
• Max Road Speed: approx. 65–70 km/h
• Operational Range: 500+ km

Amphibious Capability

• Water Propulsion: Dual water-jet propulsion units
• Water Entry: No preparation required
• Water Maneuverability: Full directional control in deep and flowing waters

Protection and Survivability

• Ballistic Protection: NATO STANAG 4569 Level 4 (configurable)
• Mine Protection: STANAG 4569 Level 3a
• Armor Concept: Modular add-on armor packages
• Active Protection System: Optional
• Crew Protection: Mine-resistant seats, spall liners
• Fire Suppression: Automatic fire detection and extinguishing system
• CBRN Protection: Integrated detection and overpressure system
• Fuel Tanks: Explosion- and leak-resistant

Crew and Ergonomics

Crew Configuration:

3 crew (driver, commander, gunner)

+6 or +8 dismount infantry

Ingress/Egress:

Rear hydraulic ramp with integrated personnel door

Large roof hatches for crew access

Sensors and Situational Awareness

Laser-protected glass periscopes for the driver

Integrated day/night vision systems

360-degree situational awareness capability

Compatibility with battlefield management systems

Integrated navigation and secure communication systems

Armament and Weapon Integration

Kaplan 20 YN-ZMA supports a wide range of weapon systems depending on mission requirements:

• Manned or Unmanned Turrets
• Primary Armament:
  • 30–35 mm automatic cannons (optional)
• Secondary Armament:
  • 7.62 mm or 12.7 mm machine guns
• Anti-Tank Guided Missiles:
  • Integration capability for systems such as OMTAS developed by Roketsan
• Smoke Grenade Launchers: Standard for self-protection

Advantages and Limitations

Key Advantages

• High power-to-weight ratio and excellent cross-country mobility
• Fully modular architecture enabling multi-role adaptation
• Amphibious capability without preparation
• High survivability against ballistic, mine, and CBRN threats
• Compatibility with modern network-centric warfare systems

Known Limitations

• Active protection systems and some advanced weapon integrations are optional
• Detailed operational deployment and procurement numbers are not publicly disclosed

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the primary role of Kaplan 20 YN-ZMA?

• Kaplan 20 is designed to operate as a frontline armored fighting vehicle supporting mechanized infantry and armored units. It provides protected mobility, direct fire support, and adaptability to various combat missions.

Is Kaplan 20 an infantry fighting vehicle (IFV)?

• It can function as an IFV depending on turret and weapon configuration, but its modular design also allows roles such as armored personnel carrier, command vehicle, or reconnaissance platform.

What level of protection does it offer?

• The vehicle provides up to STANAG 4569 Level 4 ballistic protection and Level 3a mine protection, with optional add-on armor and active protection systems.

Can it operate in amphibious missions?

• Yes. Kaplan 20 is one of the few vehicles in its class capable of entering water without preparation and maneuvering effectively using dedicated water propulsion systems.

How many personnel can it carry?

• The vehicle typically carries a crew of three plus six to eight fully equipped infantry personnel.

What makes Kaplan 20 different from older tracked vehicles?

• Its clean-sheet design, digital architecture, modular survivability concept, and amphibious capability distinguish it from legacy platforms.

Sources

• FNSS official Kaplan 20 YN-ZMA product brochure
• FNSS press releases and public technical disclosures
• Public defense industry analysis portals and exhibition materials