Defense economics is a strategic branch of economics that examines the investments, production processes, resource management, and financial planning carried out to meet a country’s security needs. This field covers many important topics such as military spending, defense budgets, domestic production capacity, technology investments, and the contribution of the defense industry to the national economy. Today, defense economics is important not only for building military power but also for accelerating technological development, creating employment, increasing exports, and strengthening strategic independence. In a period of rising global security risks, a strong defense economy helps countries become more resilient against crises.

Defense economics includes a broad structure ranging from production and logistics to R&D activities and international cooperation. Defense industry investments support high-technology production and create economic activity across many sectors. Areas such as aviation, electronics, software, artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, and engineering can develop rapidly through defense projects. In addition, developing domestic defense systems reduces foreign dependency while increasing both economic and strategic strength. Countries that export defense products gain stronger positions in global markets, generate economic income, and expand their diplomatic influence. For this reason, defense economics is not merely a concept related to military expenditures; it is also regarded as a comprehensive power model that combines technology, production, security, and economic growth.